Solubility of Ionic Compounds in Water

Ions Br⁻ CH₃COO⁻ CN⁻ CO₃²⁻ Cl⁻ F⁻ I⁻ NO₃⁻ OH⁻ PO₄³⁻ S²⁻ SO₄²⁻

Ag⁺ N Ss N N N S N S − N N Ss

Al³⁺ S N ? − S Ss S S N N N S

Ba²⁺ S S S N S Ss S S S N S N

Be²⁺ S N ? Ss S S S S N N N S

Ca²⁺ S S S N S N S S Ss N Ss Ss

Cd²⁺ S S Ss N S S S S N N N S

Co²⁺ S S N N S S S S N N N S

Cr³⁺ S N N − S Ss N S N N N S

Cs⁺ S S S S S S S S S S S S

Cu²⁺ S S N N S S − S N N N S

Fe²⁺ S S N N S Ss S S N N N S

Fe³⁺ S − − − S N − S N N − S

Hg²⁺ Ss S S − S N N N − N N N

Hg₂²⁺ N Ss − N N Ss N N − N − N

K⁺ S S S S S S S S S S S S

Li⁺ S S S S S N S S S Ss S S

Mg²⁺ S S S Ss S N S S N N N S

Mn²⁺ S S N N S S S S N N N S

NH₄⁺ S S S S S S S S S − N S

Na⁺ S S S S S S S S S S S S

Ni²⁺ S S N N S S S S N N N S

Pb²⁺ Ss S N N Ss Ss Ss S N N N N

Rb⁺ S S S S S S S S S S S S

Sn²⁺ N N − − N S Ss N N N N S

Sr²⁺ S S S N S N S S Ss N S N

Tl⁺ Ss S S S Ss S N S S Ss N Ss

Zn²⁺ S S N N S Ss S S N N N S

S: soluble

Ss: Slightly soluble

N: Not soluble

− Does not exist

? No data.

Solubility General Rules

All Acetates (CH3COO-), Chlorate (ClO₃-), Nitrates (NO₃-) are soluble.
All common compounds of ammonium (NH₄+), potassium (K+) and sodium (Na+) are soluble.
All chlorides (Cl-) are soluble except of silver (Ag+), mercury (Hg+), and lead (Pb2+).
All sulfates (SO₄-) are soluble except lead (Pb2+), barium (Ba2+), strontium (Sr2+), calcium (Ca2+).
All carbonates (CO₃-)are insoluble except ammonium (NH₄+),sodium (Na+)and potassium (K+).
All hydroxides (OH-) are insoluble except ammonium (NH₄+), sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), barium (Ba2+), strontium (Sr2+), calcium (Ca2+).